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Brevet Brigadier-General Samuel Duncan Oliphant, U.S.V.
Brevet Brigadier-General Samuel Duncan Oliphant was born August 1,
1824, at Franklin Forges, on the Youghiogheny River, in Fayette County,
Pennsylvania. He was the second son of Fidelio Hughes Oliphant and Jane
Creigh Duncan, his wife. He received his earlier education in private
schools at Uniontown, Fayette County, Pennsylvania; the Grove Academy, at
Steubenville, Ohio; entered the Freshman class in November, 1840, and
graduated from Jefferson College in September, 1844.
He commenced the study of law under the direction of the law-firm of
Howell & Oliphant (Judge E. P. Oliphant, his uncle), in Uniontown,
Pennsylvania; spent two years at the Law-School of Harvard University, and
graduated therefrom in June, 1846, and was admitted to the bar of Fayette
County in September, 1847. Three years later he moved to Pittsburg,
Pennsylvania, and entering into partnership with the late Hon. Thomas
Williams, remained there two years, when he returned to and resumed the
practice of law at Uniontown, Pennsylvania; was actively engaged in
building the Fayette County Railroad from Uniontown to Connellsville.
Having been identified with the uniformed militia of Fayette County as
captain of the Union Volunteers before he was twenty-one years of age, and
subsequently as colonel of the battalion of uniformed militia of Fayette
County, he felt in honor, as well as duty and inclination, bound to make
good his soldierly professions of peaceful days, and volunteered at the
outbreak of the war of the Rebellion. On the same day on which Sumter was
fired upon he raised a company of one hundred men. On the next day he was
off with it to Pittsburg, where he was elected captain. His company was
organized in the Eighth Pennsylvania Reserves at Camp Wright, of which he
was elected lieutenant-colonel. Marched with his regiment to the defence
of Washington in July, 1861; was on his way while the battle of Bull Run
was being fought, and was there mustered into the service of the United
States for three years or during the war.
He participated with his regiment in the battles of the Peninsula; was
physically disabled in the line of duty and honorably discharged in
December, 1862.
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Recovering in a measure from his
disabilities, in June, 1863, he was appointed major in the Veteran
Reserve Corps. Being ordered to the command of the detachment at
Pottsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, he was soon promoted to
the rank of lieutenant-colonel and colonel of the Fourteenth
Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, and to the command of the Second
Sub-District of the Department of the Lehigh. Subsequently he was
with General Thomas at Nashville, Tennessee, December I5-16, 1864,
and participated in the defences when Jubal Early threatened
Washington in the summer of 1864. He was the senior and presiding
officer on two boards of examination, and was several times detailed
as president of courts-martial. In August, 1865, he was brevetted
brigadier-general for meritorious services during the war, and
assigned to the command of the Second Brigade of the garrison of
Washington, and honorably discharged from the service July 1, 1866. |
The war being over, he removed from Uniontown, Pennsylvania, to Princeton,
New Jersey, for educational facilities for a large family of sons, and
resumed the practice of law. In September of 1870 he was appointed clerk
of the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey
by Hon. William McKennan, circuit judge, and still continues to exercise
the duties of that office, residing at Trenton.
He was married in March, 1847, to Mary Coulter Campbell, of Uniontown,
Pennsylvania, and of this marriage there was issue ten sons, all of whom
are living. In January, 1877, he married his second wife, Beulah A.,
daughter of Joseph Oliphant, of Oliphant's Mills, near Medford, New
Jersey.Source: Officers of the Volunteer Army and Navy who
served in the Civil War, published by L.R. Hamersly & Co., 1893, 419
pgs.
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